Operator

you can watch parallel the video for C/C++ (german): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5iL-onZ6M5U&list=PLEWVM-KBUSpmWSfyoFdD_hLWAY_9tTgi5&index=13

Be aware of differences in operator precedence between c/c++ javascript on the one side and python on the other side especially with regard to the bitwise operators and equality and comparison operators. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8649738/cs-heritage-bitwise-operators-vs-equality-operators-precedence https://www.sololearn.com/en/Discuss/1823439/difference-of-operator-precedence-between-c-and-python

we will see that in detail in the next chapter about bitwise operators

import ROOT

import fortranmagic
%load_ext fortranmagic
import os
import sys

import numpy as np

if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
        # Depends of system, python builds, and compilers compatibility.
        # See below.
    f_config = "--fcompiler=gnu95 --compiler=mingw32"
else:
        # For Unix, compilers are usually more compatible.
    f_config = ""

    # Disable only deprecated NumPy API warning without disable any APIs.
f_config += " --extra '-DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=0'"

%fortran_config {f_config}
%load_ext rpy2.ipython

The fortranmagic extension is already loaded. To reload it, use:
  %reload_ext fortranmagic
New default arguments for %fortran:
	 --extra '-DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=0'
The rpy2.ipython extension is already loaded. To reload it, use:
  %reload_ext rpy2.ipython

C++/C and Javascript

https://discuss.codechef.com/t/operator-precedence-table/14545

C++

Level	Operators	Description	Associativity
16	::	Scope Resolution	-
15	() [] -> ++ -- static_cast, dynamic_cast etc	Function Call Array Subscript Member Selectors Postfix Increment/Decrement Type Conversion	Left to Right
14	++ -- + - ! ~ (type) * & sizeof new, delete	Prefix Increment / Decrement Unary plus / minus Logical negation / bitwise complement C-style typecasting Dereferencing Address of Find size in bytes Dynamic Memory Allocation / Deallocation	Right to Left
13	* / %	Multiplication Division Modulo	Left to Right
12	+ -	Addition / Subtraction	Left to Right
11	>> <<	Bitwise Right Shift Bitwise Left Shift	Left to Right
10	< <= > >=	Relational Less Than / Less than Equal To Relational Greater / Greater than Equal To	Left to Right
9	== !=	Equality Inequality	Left to Right
8	&	Bitwise AND	Left to Right
7	^	Bitwise XOR	Left to Right
6	\|	Bitwise OR	Left to Right
5	&&	Logical AND	Left to Right
4	\|\|	Logical OR	Left to Right
3	?:	Conditional Operator	Right to Left
2	= += -= *= /= %= &= ^= \|= <<= >>=	Assignment Operators	Right to Left
1	,	Comma Operator	Left to Right

C

Level	Operators	Description	Associativity
15	() [] -> . ++ --	Function Call Array Subscript Member Selectors Postfix Increment/Decrement	Left to Right
14	++ -- + - ! ~ (type) * & sizeof	Prefix Increment / Decrement Unary plus / minus Logical negation / bitwise complement Casting Dereferencing Address of Find size in bytes	Right to Left
13	* / %	Multiplication Division Modulo	Left to Right
12	+ -	Addition / Subtraction	Left to Right
11	>> <<	Bitwise Right Shift Bitwise Left Shift	Left to Right
10	< <= > >=	Relational Less Than / Less than Equal To Relational Greater / Greater than Equal To	Left to Right
9	== !=	Equality Inequality	Left to Right
8	&	Bitwise AND	Left to Right
7	^	Bitwise XOR	Left to Right
6	\|	Bitwise OR	Left to Right
5	&&	Logical AND	Left to Right
4	\|\|	Logical OR	Left to Right
3	?:	Conditional Operator	Right to Left
2	= += -= *= /= %= &= ^= \|= <<= >>=	Assignment Operators	Right to Left
1	,	Comma Operator	Left to Right

javascript

Level	Operators	Description	Associativity
15	() [] . new	Function Call Array Subscript Object Property Access Memory Allocation	Left to Right
14	++ + - ! delete typeof void	Increment / Decrement Unary plus / minus Logical negation / bitwise complement Deallocation Find type of variable void	Right to Left
13	* / %	Multiplication Division Modulo	Left to Right
12	+ -	Addition / Subtraction	Left to Right
11	>> <<	Bitwise Right Shift Bitwise Left Shift	Left to Right
10	< <= > >=	Relational Less Than / Less than Equal To Relational Greater / Greater than Equal To	Left to Right
9	== != === !==	Equality Inequality Identity Operator Non Identity Operator	Left to Right
8	&	Bitwise AND	Left to Right
7	^	Bitwise XOR	Left to Right
6	\|	Bitwise OR	Left to Right
5	&&	Logical AND	Left to Right
4	\|\|	Logical OR	Left to Right
3	?:	Conditional Operator	Right to Left
2	= += -= *= /= %= &= ^= \|= <<= >>=	Assignment Operators	Right to Left
1	,	Comma Operator	Left to Right

%%cpp

cout <<3+4*5<<endl; //Precedence

23

%%cpp
int c=1;
++c;
cout <<c<<endl;

2

%%cpp
int c=1;

cout <<++c<<endl;

2

%%cpp
int c=1;

cout <<c++<<endl;
cout <<c<<endl;

1
2

%%cpp
int c=1;

cout <<--c<<endl;
cout <<c--<<endl;
cout <<c<<endl;

0
0
-1

%%cpp
int c=1;
c-=1;
cout <<c<<endl;
c+=1;
cout <<c<<endl;
c*=2;
cout <<c<<endl;
c/=2;
cout <<c<<endl;
c=11;
c%=10;               //Modulo operation
cout <<c<<endl;

0
1
2
1
1

There is no power operator in c/c++. You need to use a function from cmath. Attention ^ is the binary xor operator.

%%cpp
#include <cmath>
cout <<pow(2,3);

8

Javascript has the power operator ** wich is equivalent to Math.pow(a,b) with the highest precedence right between 14 and 15 and is not mentioned in the above table.

%%js //the next line is only necessary in jupyter notebooks
element.setAttribute('style', 'white-space: pre;');console.log=function(text){element.textContent+=text+"\n"}

console.log(2**5)
console.log(2**(3**4))
console.log(2**3**4)

Python

Be aware of a sutle difference in the operator precedence of the Comparison operators as compared to c/c++ where the equality and unequality operator have less precedence. Also Python does allow for 1<2<3 which is evaluated as (1<2) And (2<3)

Operators	Description	Associativity
() Highest precedence	Grouping / parentheses	Left - Right
**	Exponentiation	Right - Left
+x, -x, ~x	Unary plus, unary minus, bitwise NOT	Left - Right
*, /, //, %	Multiplication, division, floor division, modulo	Left - Right
+, -	Addition, subtraction	Left - Right
<<, >>	Bitwise left shift, bitwise right shift	Left - Right
&	Bitwise AND	Left - Right
^	Bitwise XOR	Left - Right
\|	Bitwise OR	Left - Right
Is, is not, in, not in, <, <=, >, >=, ==, !=	Identity, membership, and comparison operators	Left - Right
Not x	Logical NOT	Left - Right
And	Logical AND	Left - Right
Or	Logical OR	Left - Right
If else	Conditional expression	Left - Right
Lambda	Anonymous function definition	Left - Right
=, +=, -=, *=, /= Lowest Precedence	Assignment operators	Right - Left

print(2**4) 

16

Remark

Python behaves different with regard to the precedence comparison operator has the same precedence to equality or inequality operator:

print(1<2==1)
#should according to table be evaluated as
print((1<2)==1) #oops but that is not the case
#the comparison operators are actually a special case as the table above is actually wrong here
#because python allows for 
print(1<2<3) 
#and is to be read as
print(1<2 and 2<3)
#lets check
print(1<2 and 2==1) #yep

False
True
True
True
False

%%cpp
cout << (1<2==1) <<endl;
//this is evaluated as
cout << ( (1<2)==1) <<endl;

1
1

%%js //the next line is only necessary in jupyter notebooks
element.setAttribute('style', 'white-space: pre;');console.log=function(text){element.textContent+=text+"\n"}

console.log((1<2==1))

2**3**4==2**(3**4) # the ** operator is Right to left associative

True

R

Operator	Description	Associativity
^	Exponent	Right to Left
-x, +x	Unary minus, Unary plus	Left to Right
%%	Modulus	Left to Right
*, /, %/%	Multiplication, Division, Integer Division	Left to Right
+, -	Addition, Subtraction	Left to Right
<, >, <=, >=, ==, !=	Comparisons	Left to Right
!	Logical NOT	Left to Right
&, &&	Element-wise logical AND, short-circuit logical AND	Left to Right
\|, \|\|	Element-wise logical OR, short-circuit logical OR	Left to Right
->, ->>	Rightward assignment	Left to Right
<-, <<-	Leftward assignment	Right to Left
=	Leftward assignment	Right to Left

Attention: Power and Remainder are different in Python and R. Also Precedence of Modulus operation is higher than multiplicative.

	Python	R
Arithmetic Operators
Assignment : Defining a number	a = 10 ; b = 25	a <- 10 ; b <- 25
Addition	a + b	a + b
Subtraction	a - b	a - b
Multiplication	a * b	a * b
Division	a / b	a / b
Power : a^b	a ** b	a ^ b
Remainder (Modulus)	a % b	a %% b
Integer Division	a // b	a %/% b
Logical Operators
Short-Circuit logical AND	a and b	a && b
Short-Circuit logical OR	a or b	a \|\| b
Element-wise logical AND	a and b	a & b
Element-wise logical OR	a or b	a \| b
Logical NOT	!a	!a
Relational Operators
Equal	a == b	a == b
Less than	a < b	a < b
Greater than	a > b	a > b
Less than or equal	a <= b	a <= b
Greater than or equal	a >= b	a >= b
Not Equal	a != b	a != b

%%R
print(2**3**4==2**(3**4)) # the ** operator is Right to left associative
print(5*2%%6)

[1] TRUE
[1] 10

print(5*2%6)

4

Fortran

Category	Operator	Associativity
Logical NOT and negative sign	.not. (-)	Left to right
Exponentiation	**	Left to right
Multiplicative	* /	Left to right
Additive	+ -	Left to right
Relational	< <= > >=	Left to right
Equality	== /=	Left to right
Logical AND	.and.	Left to right
Logical OR	.or.	Left to right
Assignment	=	Right to left